Archives For outcomes

PDF of Video Slide Deck
Finks Resources

The first half of the video points primarily to the traditional cognitive alignment that we should strive for in our instructional design and curriculum development. If you are engaged in competency-based education that is part of a skills-based program, introductory to intermediate courses, instruction that is designed to prepare students for a credentialing exam, or other forms of standardized testing and evaluation then the cognitive alignment which we outline is the minimum alignment you should apply.

Alignment

If you are working at a higher level or are able to incorporate authentic learning opportunities through project-based learning and are using an outcome-based design then you will have the opportunity to expand your scope of alignment and incorporate more aspects of the affective and the psychomotor domains and better address the whole learner. If you are not familiar with the difference between competency-based education vs outcome-based education or need confirmation of how I am using these two concepts please refer to the post Why I Don’t Use Checklists, Progress Bars & Other Activity Monitors to explore these ideas further.

To explore alignment at a higher or more wholistic level you need to first change your focus:

When you create a significant learning environment (CSLE) in which you give your learners choice, ownership, and voice through authentic learning opportunities (COVA). The CSLE+COVA framework shifts the focus from the curriculum, skills, and abilities to the authentic learning opportunity which ideally should be a real-world project that will have a significant impact on the learner and their learning community. The skills and abilities may still need to be developed or supported but the learner takes on the responsibility to become more of a self-directed learner who acquires or learns those skills and abilities in a just-in-time fashion as they work toward solving the challenge of the authentic learning opportunity. The instructor takes on more of the role of coach, guide, and facilitator and helps shift the learner from assessment of and for learning to assessment as learning

Alignment is one piece of the learning environment and we must warn against the notion of looking for a quick fix or simple application of a tool to help you find this alignment. This is part of a well-thought-out and planned instructional design or curriculum development process.

Additional resources to consider:

Collecting dots vs connecting dots
Assessment OF/FOR/AS Learning
Feedforward Vs. Feedback
We Need More Autodidacts
How to Change the World One Learner at a Time
3210 Curriculum Resources
COVA eBook
Dwayne’s Recommended Reading

Additional ideas on CBE vs OBE:
Why I Don’t Use Checklists, Progress Bars & Other Activity Monitors
4 Keys to aligning outcomes activities & assessment
SWBAT – The Key to Writing Effective Learning Outcomes
Enhancing higher education outcomes
Designing for Outcomes

While the following 4 keys will be most useful to students in the Lamar University Masters of Digital Learning and Leading (DLL) but the following 4 keys will help anyone who is looking to use Finks Taxonomy to create a 3 column table to plan their course design:

  1. Start with Big Hairy Audacious Goal (BHAG). The BHAG will help you to envision who your learners will become at how their lives will be enhanced. The BHAG should focus more on who the students will be or become as a result of the course and not just focus on what they will be able to do.
  2. Only use Finks Taxonomy and the provided tools (worksheets available through course BB site) and three column table and resist the urge to fall back on other methods like Understanding by Design (UbD).
  3. Start with the outcomes and create one outcome for each of the six sections in Fink’s taxonomy. Use the SWBAT post and method for writing the outcomes.
  4. Use the 3 column tables from EDLD 5305, 5304 and 5313 from the DLL Program Map page as examples to guide your thought process.

Student will be able to… (SWBAT)

If you can keep in mind that an outcome must be stated in terms of what a student will be able to do and you use an action verb that describes what the student will be able to do within a specific context…then you will have a good outcome. A well written learning outcome must have 3 components:

  • Verb(s)
    Subject
    Context

One more thing – Avoid the term “understand” or its variant “develop an understanding“. Why?

You can’t measure “understand” or “understanding” and in order for an outcome to be effective or SMART is has to be measurable.

SMART Outcomes:

Specific – state clearly what the student/learner should able to do, and at what level
Measurable – you should have an idea of how the outcome will be assessed
Attainable – your student/learner must be able to accomplish the outcome
Realistic – similar to attainable but focuses on the appropriateness of the task
Time-appropriate – can the outcome be completed within a reasonable time frame

The following two documents provide more detailed information and can be used as a self check when you are writing learning outcomes:

enhancing higherEd outcomesjpg
Source: www.northeastern.edu/innovationsurvey